28 page Comic Book: A Pangolin's Guide to Biomimetics & Digital Architecture • Special Siggraph Edition available before general 2007 general distribution • $7 • Info: exodesic at mac dot com
Left: SLA model of a truss/column grown in Xfrog.
Bottom Left Animation: Weed & Pod grown in Xfrog for development of a hypothetical tower structure viagra.
Digitally-Grown Architecture: Conclusion & STL
Digitally-Grown Architecture #3: Surface (leaves)
Digitally-Grown Architecture #2: Space (seed pods)
Far Left: Pod Structures grown in Xfrog based on the observation of Penstemon palmari flower pods. Left: digitally-grown tower for Arizona site. Botton, Far Left: Pod Tower for NY & Glasgow generic cialis.
From the Xfrog grown plant above, an individual leaf was selected and exported to Rhino where it was modified to function as a canopy segment by transformig it into a monocoque shell (rendering far right) for use as a repeating, roof element for the first stage of a plaza redevelopment project in Pontecagnagno, Sicily. In elevation (top) and plan (below, right) the "leaf" has a likeness to a bird in flight while in the head-on rendering, it maintains a leaf-like quality.The intention was to create a light-weight, strong, repeatable unit with natural referances developed through technological visualization and CAD/CAM production
Natural and digitally grown (Xfrog) tumbleweeds as an example of biomimetic observations that can then be edited/developed and used for 3D visualization and CAD/CAM manufacturing
Biomimetic process of studying plant morphology and applying observed properties to digital forms leading to the development of a series of icons that are used like a form-lexicon (right) for the development of structures, surfaces and spaces
Genetic Architectures / Arquitecturas Geneticas
Spanish/Engliah
Alberto Estévez, Alfons Puigarnau, Ignasi Pérez Arnal, Dennis Dollens, Alfonso Pérez-Mendez, Joaquim Ruiz Millet, Ana Planella. Co-published with ESARQ—UIC
A root system where individual roots generate splines which in turn are used to generate walls. Above, a root cluster determining intersecting and connected spaces as an experimente in structure, space, and surface
Prismatic geometries generated in Xfrog to study massing and the ability to grow geometries into interconnecting spaces as well as with nesting armatures like the spider-like frame seen at the right. In additon, experimentaiton was needed to develop grown files, edited in Rhino, into STL flies for building as STL and Thermojet models and later, potentially, CAD/CAM manufacturing.
Experimenta #45 (Madrid) Summer 2003
Pages 92-95
Edited by Fredy Massad and Alicia Guerrero Yeste
Above: Branching column scaled up to sprout and grow floors for an example of a large-scale building armature with floors. Near right: Thermojet model. Far right: Renderings of massive support column with floors.
Leonardo 38/1, Spring 2005
Pages 14-21, 38
Blueprint, May 2004. (London)
Pages 40-41. Article by Katy Dunn
Above: Branching column supporting a canopy roof developed from a tree grown in Xfrog and given geometric properties--using the same biomimetic principles as outlined to the left.
. Right, top row: Xfrog screens of growing tree/column. Middle row: 3D Studio MAX rendering of branching column. Bottom and far right: STL models built directly from Xfrog/Rhino files.
Xfrog grown, Rhino edited, & MAX rendered truss based on the branches of a tree grown into the tree trunk as a truss and with other branches grown out as struts. Bottom: STL model built from Xfrog & Rhino files.
Biomimetic Transference—Series of penstemon leaves (above) used as a living model to conceptualize and translate botanic qualities to Xfrog growth and Rhino development of the canopy leaf.
Top and right—Xfrog grown leaf with differing surface noise. The project on the right is for roofing and enclosing a low-rise structure. 2005.
Top: Seedpod cluster and branching. Bottom: Xfrog generated pods grown on three stems with branches as clustering study (pods later replaced with cube geometries). 2005,
